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ChemistryNEET 2025VSEPR and molecular shapes

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Identify the correct orders against the property mentioned:

A. H2O>NH3>CHCl3\mathrm{H_2O > NH_3 > CHCl_3} — dipole moment

B. XeF4>XeO3>XeF2\mathrm{XeF_4 > XeO_3 > XeF_2} — number of lone pairs on the central atom

C. O–H > C–H > N–O — bond length

D. N2>O2>H2\mathrm{N_2 > O_2 > H_2} — bond enthalpy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.A, D only✓
  2. B.B, D only
  3. C.A, C only
  4. D.B, C only

Solution

Dipole moments: H2O\mathrm{H_2O} (1.85 D) > NH3\mathrm{NH_3} (1.47 D) > CHCl3\mathrm{CHCl_3} (1.04 D) — A correct. Bond enthalpy: N≡N (945) > O=O (498) > H–H (436 kJ/mol) — D correct. XeF2\mathrm{XeF_2} has three lone pairs on Xe, more than XeF4\mathrm{XeF_4}'s two — B wrong. Bond lengths run N–O (~140 pm) > C–H (109 pm) > O–H (96 pm), the reverse of C — C wrong. Hence A and D.

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