NEET 2019 — Botany

All 50 Botany questions we hold from this paper, of the 176 on the site for this sitting — every option and the answer key. 4 marks each, −1 for a wrong answer.

Botany

45 questions, one correct option each. +4 for a correct answer, −1 for a wrong one, nothing for a blank.

Q1 open Biodiversity and Conservation · Loss of biodiversity and its conservation

The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called:

A.To reduce $C O_{2}$ emissions and global warming
B.For conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits✓
C.To assess the threat posed to native species by invasive weed species
D.For immediate steps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone layer

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q2 open Anatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

Grass leaves curl inwards during very dry weather. Select the most appropriate reason from the following:

A.Closure of stomata
B.Flaccidity of bulliform cells✓
C.Shrinkage of air spaces in spongy mesophyll
D.Tyloses in vessels

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q3 open Principles of Inheritance and Variation · Chromosomal theory and linkage

The shorter and longer arms of a submetacentric chromosome are referred to as:

A.s-arm and l-arm, respectively
B.p-arm and q-arm, respectively✓
C.q-arm and p-arm, respectively
D.m-arm and n-arm, respectively

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q4 open Respiration in Plants · Respiratory quotient and amphibolic pathway

The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) value of tripalmitin is:

A.0.9
B.0.7✓
C.0.07
D.0.09

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q5 open Microbes in Human Welfare · Microbes in household and industrial products

Which of the following is a commercial blood-cholesterol-lowering agent?

A.Cyclosporin A
B.Statin✓
C.Streptokinase
D.Lipases

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q6 open Biodiversity and Conservation · Loss of biodiversity and its conservation

Which of the following is the most important cause for animals and plants being driven to extinction?

A.Habitat loss and fragmentation✓
B.Drought and floods
C.Economic exploitation
D.Alien species invasion

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q7 open

Which of the following pairs of gases is mainly responsible for the greenhouse effect?

A.Ozone and ammonia
B.Oxygen and nitrogen
C.Nitrogen and sulphur dioxide
D.Carbon dioxide and methane✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q8 open Biodiversity and Conservation · Loss of biodiversity and its conservation

Which one of the following is NOT a method of in-situ conservation of biodiversity?

A.Biosphere reserve
B.Wildlife sanctuary
C.Botanical garden✓
D.Sacred grove

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q9 open Cell Cycle and Cell Division · Phases of the cell cycle

The correct sequence of phases of the cell cycle is:

A. $M \to G_{1} \to G_{2} \to S$
B. $G_{1} \to G_{2} \to S \to M$
C. $S \to G_{1} \to G_{2} \to M$
D. $G_{1} \to S \to G_{2} \to M$ ✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q10 open Cell: The Unit of Life · Cell membrane, cell wall and endomembrane system

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A.Lysosomes have numerous hydrolytic enzymes
B.The hydrolytic enzymes of lysosomes are active under acidic pH
C.Lysosomes are membrane-bound structures
D.Lysosomes are formed by the process of packaging in the endoplasmic reticulum✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q11 open Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Post-fertilisation: embryo, seed, fruit; apomixis

Which one of the following statements regarding post-fertilisation development in flowering plants is incorrect?

A.Ovary develops into fruit
B.Zygote develops into embryo
C.Central cell develops into endosperm
D.Ovules develop into embryo sac✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q12 open Molecular Basis of Inheritance · DNA structure and replication

Purines found both in DNA and RNA are:

A.Adenine and thymine
B.Adenine and guanine✓
C.Guanine and cytosine
D.Cytosine and thymine

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q13 open Cell: The Unit of Life · Mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus

Which of the following pairs of organelles does NOT contain DNA?

A.Mitochondria and lysosomes
B.Chloroplast and vacuoles
C.Lysosomes and vacuoles✓
D.Nuclear envelope and mitochondria

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q14 open Principles of Inheritance and Variation · Sex determination, mutation, genetic disorders

Select the incorrect statement.

A.Male fruit fly is heterogametic
B.In male grasshoppers, 50% of sperms have no sex chromosome
C.In domesticated fowls, the sex of the progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than the egg✓
D.Human males have one of their sex chromosomes much shorter than the other

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q15 open Microbes in Human Welfare · Sewage treatment, biogas, biocontrol and biofertilisers

Select the correct group of biocontrol agents.

A.Bacillus thuringiensis, Tobacco mosaic virus, Aphids
B.Trichoderma, Baculovirus, Bacillus thuringiensis✓
C.Oscillatoria, Rhizobium, Trichoderma
D.Nostoc, Azospirillum, Nucleopolyhedrovirus

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q16 open Microbes in Human Welfare · Microbes in household and industrial products

Match the following organisms with the products they produce:

Column I	Column II
(a) Lactobacillus	(i) Cheese
(b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae	(ii) Curd
(c) Aspergillus niger	(iii) Citric acid
(d) Acetobacter aceti	(iv) Bread
	(v) Acetic acid

A.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(v), (d)-(iii)
B.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(v)✓
C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(v), (d)-(i)
D.(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(v)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q17 open

What is the direction of movement of sugars in phloem?

A.Non-multidirectional
B.Upward
C.Downward
D.Bi-directional✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q18 open Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Post-fertilisation: embryo, seed, fruit; apomixis

In some plants, the female gamete develops into an embryo without fertilisation. This phenomenon is known as:

A.Autogamy
B.Parthenocarpy
C.Syngamy
D.Parthenogenesis✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q19 open Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Post-fertilisation: embryo, seed, fruit; apomixis

Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as:

A.Chalaza
B.Perisperm✓
C.Hilum
D.Tegmen

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q20 open Principles of Inheritance and Variation · Chromosomal theory and linkage

What map unit (centimorgan) is adopted in the construction of genetic maps?

A.A unit of distance between two expressed genes representing 10% cross-over
B.A unit of distance between two expressed genes representing 100% cross-over
C.A unit of distance between genes on chromosomes, representing 1% cross-over✓
D.A unit of distance between genes on chromosomes, representing 50% cross-over

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q21 open Ecosystem · Nutrient cycling

Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria helpful in carrying out:

A.Nitrogen fixation
B.Chemoautotrophic fixation
C.Nitrification
D.Denitrification✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q22 open Cell: The Unit of Life · Mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus

Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is incorrect?

A.The outer membrane is permeable to monomers of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
B.Enzymes of the electron transport chain are embedded in the outer membrane✓
C.The inner membrane is convoluted with infoldings
D.The mitochondrial matrix contains a single circular DNA molecule and ribosomes

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q23 open

Xylem translocates:

A.Water only
B.Water and mineral salts only
C.Water, mineral salts and some organic nitrogen only
D.Water, mineral salts, some organic nitrogen and hormones✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q24 open Cell Cycle and Cell Division · Phases of the cell cycle

A cell in the $G_{0}$ phase:

A.Exits the cell cycle
B.Enters the cell cycle
C.Suspends the cell cycle✓
D.Terminates the cell cycle

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q25 open Anatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

Which of the statements given below is NOT true about the formation of annual rings in trees?

A.An annual ring is a combination of spring wood and autumn wood produced in a year
B.Differential activity of the cambium causes light and dark bands of tissue — early wood and late wood respectively
C.Activity of the cambium depends upon variation in climate
D.Annual rings are not prominent in trees of the temperate region✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q26 open Ecosystem · Energy flow, ecological pyramids

Which of the following ecological pyramids is generally inverted?

A.Pyramid of numbers in grassland
B.Pyramid of energy
C.Pyramid of biomass in a forest
D.Pyramid of biomass in a sea✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q27 open Morphology of Flowering Plants · Inflorescence, flower and floral formula

Placentation in which ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary, or in its peripheral part, is:

A.Basal
B.Axile
C.Parietal✓
D.Free central

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q28 open

Which of the following protocols aimed for reducing the emission of chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere?

A.Montreal Protocol✓
B.Kyoto Protocol
C.Gothenburg Protocol
D.Geneva Protocol

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q29 open Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Pollination and double fertilisation

What is the fate of the two male gametes discharged into a synergid, in a flowering plant?

A.One fuses with the egg, the other(s) degenerate(s) in the synergid
B.All fuse with the egg
C.One fuses with the egg, the other(s) fuse(s) with the synergid nucleus
D.One fuses with the egg and the other fuses with the central cell's polar nuclei✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q30 open Plant Growth and Development · Phases of growth and differentiation

What is the site of perception of the photoperiod necessary for induction of flowering in plants?

A.Lateral buds
B.Pulvinus
C.Shoot apex
D.Leaves✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q31 open The Living World · Taxonomy, nomenclature and taxonomic categories

Select the correctly written scientific name of mango, as first described by Carolus Linnaeus:

A.Mangifera indica Car. Linn.
B.Mangifera indica Linn.✓
C.Mangifera indica
D.Mangifera Indica

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q32 open Plant Kingdom · Bryophytes and pteridophytes

From an evolutionary point of view, retention of the female gametophyte with the developing young embryo on the parent sporophyte for some time is first observed in:

A.Liverworts
B.Mosses
C.Pteridophytes✓
D.Gymnosperms

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q33 open Principles of Inheritance and Variation · Mendel's laws and deviations

In Antirrhinum (snapdragon), a red flower was crossed with a white flower, and pink flowers were obtained in the $F_{1}$ generation. When pink flowers were selfed, the $F_{2}$ generation showed white, red and pink flowers. Choose the INCORRECT statement from the following:

A.This experiment does not follow the principle of dominance
B.Pink colour in $F_{1}$ is due to incomplete dominance
C.The $F_{2}$ ratio is $\frac{1}{4}$ (red) : $\frac{1}{2}$ (pink) : $\frac{1}{4}$ (white)
D.The law of segregation does not apply in this experiment✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q34 open Respiration in Plants · Glycolysis and fermentation

Conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, the first irreversible reaction of glycolysis, is catalysed by:

A.Aldolase
B.Hexokinase✓
C.Enolase
D.Phosphofructokinase

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q35 open Plant Kingdom · Gymnosperms and angiosperms; alternation of generations

A Pinus seed cannot germinate and become established without fungal association. This is because:

A.Its embryo is immature
B.It has an obligate association with mycorrhizae✓
C.It has a very hard seed coat
D.Its seeds contain inhibitors that prevent germination

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q36 open Molecular Basis of Inheritance · Transcription, genetic code, translation

Which of the following features of the genetic code allows bacteria to produce human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?

A.The genetic code is not ambiguous
B.The genetic code is redundant (degenerate)
C.The genetic code is nearly universal✓
D.The genetic code is specific

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q37 open Biological Classification · Viruses, viroids and lichens

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A.Viroids lack a protein coat
B.Viruses are obligate parasites
C.The infective constituent in viruses is the protein coat✓
D.Prions consist of abnormally folded proteins

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q38 open Molecular Basis of Inheritance · Gene regulation: lac operon; Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting

Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) refer to:

A.Genes expressed as RNA✓
B.Polypeptide expression
C.DNA polymorphism
D.Novel DNA sequences

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q39 open Biological Classification · Monera, Protista and Fungi

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A.Morels and truffles are edible delicacies
B.Claviceps is a source of many alkaloids and LSD
C.Conidia are produced exogenously and ascospores endogenously
D.Yeasts have filamentous bodies with long, thread-like hyphae✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q40 open Biological Classification · Viruses, viroids and lichens

Match Column I with Column II:

Column I	Column II
(a) Saprophyte	(i) Symbiotic association of fungi with plant roots
(b) Parasite	(ii) Decomposition of dead organic material
(c) Lichen	(iii) Living on living plants or animals
(d) Mycorrhiza	(iv) Symbiotic association of algae and fungi

A.(a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
B.(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
C.(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
D.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q41 open Principles of Inheritance and Variation · Chromosomal theory and linkage

The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome, as a measure of the distance between genes, was explained by:

A.T.H. Morgan
B.Gregor J. Mendel
C.Alfred Sturtevant✓
D.Sutton and Boveri

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q42 open Molecular Basis of Inheritance · Gene regulation: lac operon; Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting

Match the following genes of the lac operon with their respective products:

Column I	Column II
(a) $i$ gene	(i) $β$ -galactosidase
(b) $z$ gene	(ii) Permease
(c) $a$ gene	(iii) Repressor
(d) $y$ gene	(iv) Transacetylase

A.(a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
B.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)✓
D.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q43 open Plant Growth and Development · Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA

It takes a very long time for pineapple plants to produce flowers. Which combination of hormones can be applied to artificially induce flowering in pineapple plants throughout the year, to increase yield?

A.Auxin and ethylene✓
B.Gibberellin and cytokinin
C.Gibberellin and abscisic acid
D.Cytokinin and abscisic acid

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q44 open Microbes in Human Welfare · Sewage treatment, biogas, biocontrol and biofertilisers

Which of the following can be used as a biocontrol agent in the treatment of plant disease?

A.Trichoderma✓
B.Chlorella
C.Anabaena
D.Lactobacillus

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q45 open Plant Kingdom · Gymnosperms and angiosperms; alternation of generations

Phloem in gymnosperms lacks:

A.Albuminous cells and sieve cells
B.Sieve tubes only
C.Companion cells only
D.Both sieve tubes and companion cells✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q46 open Molecular Basis of Inheritance · Transcription, genetic code, translation

Under which of the following changes will there be NO change in the reading frame of the mRNA $5^{'} -AACAGCGGUGCUAUU- 3^{'}$ ?

A.Insertion of G at the 5th position
B.Deletion of G from the 5th position
C.Insertion of A and G at the 4th and 5th positions respectively
D.Deletion of GGU from the 7th, 8th and 9th positions✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q47 open Cell: The Unit of Life · Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

The concept of "Omnis cellula-e cellula" regarding cell division was first proposed by:

A.Rudolf Virchow✓
B.Theodor Schwann
C.Matthias Schleiden
D.Aristotle

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q48 open Principles of Inheritance and Variation · Sex determination, mutation, genetic disorders

What is the genetic disorder in which an individual has overall masculine development, gynaecomastia, and is sterile?

A.Turner's syndrome
B.Klinefelter's syndrome✓
C.Edward's syndrome
D.Down's syndrome

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q49 open

Polyblend, a fine powder of recycled modified plastic, has proved to be a good material for:

A.Making plastic sacks
B.Use as a fertiliser
C.Construction of roads✓
D.Making tubes and pipes

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q50 open

Which of these methods is the most suitable for disposal of nuclear waste?

A.Shoot the waste into space
B.Bury the waste under the Antarctic ice cover
C.Dump the waste within rocks under the deep ocean
D.Bury the waste within rocks deep below the earth's surface✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.