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NEET 2022 — Botany

All 50 Botany questions we hold from this paper, of the 199 on the site for this sitting — every option and the answer key. 4 marks each, −1 for a wrong answer.

Botany

45 questions, one correct option each. +4 for a correct answer, −1 for a wrong one, nothing for a blank.

Q1openBiodiversity and Conservation · Loss of biodiversity and its conservation

Which of the following is not a method of ex situ conservation?

  1. A.Cryopreservation
  2. B.In vitro fertilisation
  3. C.National parks✓
  4. D.Micropropagation

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q2openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Processes: cloning, PCR, bioreactors

Which one of the following statements is not true regarding the gel electrophoresis technique?

  1. A.Bright orange coloured bands of DNA can be observed in the gel when exposed to UV light
  2. B.The process of extraction of separated DNA strands from the gel is called elution
  3. C.The separated DNA fragments are stained by using ethidium bromide
  4. D.The presence of a chromogenic substrate gives blue coloured DNA bands on the gel✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q3openOrganisms and Populations · Population attributes, growth models and interactions

Which one of the following statements cannot be connected to predation?

  1. A.It is necessitated by nature to maintain the ecological balance
  2. B.It helps in maintaining species diversity in a community
  3. C.It might lead to extinction of a species
  4. D.Both the interacting species are negatively impacted✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q4openPlant Kingdom · Algae

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

  1. A.Volvox – Starch
  2. B.Ectocarpus – Fucoxanthin
  3. C.Ulothrix – Mannitol✓
  4. D.Porphyra – Floridean starch

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q5openPlant Growth and Development · Phases of growth and differentiation

Which one of the following plants does not show plasticity?

  1. A.Maize✓
  2. B.Cotton
  3. C.Coriander
  4. D.Buttercup

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q6openPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation · Sex determination, mutation, genetic disorders

XO type of sex determination can be found in:

  1. A.Monkeys
  2. B.Drosophila
  3. C.Birds
  4. D.Grasshoppers✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q7open

The device which can remove particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant is:

  1. A.Catalytic converter
  2. B.STP
  3. C.Incinerator
  4. D.Electrostatic precipitator✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q8openMorphology of Flowering Plants · Root, stem and leaf: modifications

Identify the correct set of statements:

(a) The leaflets are modified into pointed hard thorns in Citrus and Bougainvillea

(b) Axillary buds form slender and spirally coiled tendrils in cucumber and pumpkin

(c) Stem is flattened and fleshy in Opuntia and modified to perform the function of leaves

(d) Rhizophora shows vertically upward growing roots that help to get oxygen for respiration

(e) Sub-aerially growing stems in grasses and strawberry help in vegetative propagation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a), (b), (d) and (e) only
  2. B.(b) and (c) only
  3. C.(a) and (d) only
  4. D.(b), (c), (d) and (e) only✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q9openRespiration in Plants · Glycolysis and fermentation

What is the net gain of ATP when each molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid?

  1. A.Eight
  2. B.Four
  3. C.Six
  4. D.Two✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q10openRespiration in Plants · Glycolysis and fermentation

What amount of energy is released from glucose during lactic acid fermentation?

  1. A.Less than 7%✓
  2. B.Approximately 15%
  3. C.More than 18%
  4. D.About 10%

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q11openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Processes: cloning, PCR, bioreactors

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Polymerase chain reaction is used in DNA amplification.

Reason (R): The ampicillin resistant gene is used as a selectable marker to check transformation.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(A) is not correct but (R) is correct
  2. B.Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
  3. C.Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
  4. D.(A) is correct but (R) is not correct

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q12openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

In old trees the greater part of secondary xylem is dark brown and resistant to insect attack due to:

(a) secretion of secondary metabolites and their deposition in the lumen of vessels

(b) deposition of organic compounds like tannins and resins in the central layers of the stem

(c) deposition of suberin and aromatic substances in the outer layer of the stem

(d) deposition of tannins, gum, resin and aromatic substances in the peripheral layers of the stem

(e) presence of parenchyma cells, functionally active xylem elements and essential oils

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(b) and (d) only
  2. B.(a) and (b) only✓
  3. C.(c) and (d) only
  4. D.(d) and (e) only

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q13openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Gene regulation: lac operon; Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting

DNA polymorphism forms the basis of:

  1. A.Translation
  2. B.Genetic mapping
  3. C.DNA fingerprinting
  4. D.Both genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q14openSexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Pollination and double fertilisation

Identify the incorrect statement related to pollination:

  1. A.Moths and butterflies are the most dominant pollinating agents among insects✓
  2. B.Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants
  3. C.Pollination by wind is more common amongst abiotic pollination
  4. D.Flowers produce foul odours to attract flies and beetles to get pollinated

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q15openPlant Growth and Development · Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA

Production of cucumber has increased manifold in recent years. Application of which of the following phytohormones has resulted in this increased yield, as the hormone is known to produce female flowers in the plants?

  1. A.Cytokinin
  2. B.ABA
  3. C.Gibberellin
  4. D.Ethylene✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q16openMorphology of Flowering Plants · Inflorescence, flower and floral formula

The flowers are zygomorphic in:

(a) Mustard

(b) Gulmohar

(c) Cassia

(d) Datura

(e) Chilli

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(c), (d), (e) only
  2. B.(a), (b), (c) only
  3. C.(b), (c) only✓
  4. D.(d), (e) only

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q17openCell Cycle and Cell Division · Mitosis

Which one of the following never occurs during mitotic cell division?

  1. A.Coiling and condensation of the chromatids
  2. B.Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores of chromosomes
  3. C.Movement of centrioles towards opposite poles
  4. D.Pairing of homologous chromosomes✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q18openSexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Pollination and double fertilisation

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous.

Statement II: Cleistogamy is disadvantageous as there is no chance for cross-pollination.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct✓
  3. C.Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  4. D.Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q19openBiodiversity and Conservation · Loss of biodiversity and its conservation

Habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasion and co-extinction are causes for:

  1. A.Natality
  2. B.Population explosion
  3. C.Competition
  4. D.Biodiversity loss✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q20openEcosystem · Structure, productivity and decomposition

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Decomposition is a process in which detritus is degraded into simpler substances by microbes.

Statement II: Decomposition is faster if the detritus is rich in lignin and chitin.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  3. C.Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  4. D.Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q21openPhotosynthesis in Higher Plants · Calvin cycle, C4 pathway, photorespiration

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The primary acceptor in plants is phosphoenolpyruvate and is found in the mesophyll cells.

Statement II: Mesophyll cells of plants lack the RuBisCO enzyme.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct✓
  3. C.Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  4. D.Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q22openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · DNA structure and replication

Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements:

(a) Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin

(b) Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active

(c) The histone octamer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in a nucleosome

(d) Histones are rich in lysine and arginine

(e) A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a), (c), (e) only
  2. B.(b), (d), (e) only
  3. C.(a), (c), (d) only✓
  4. D.(b), (e) only

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q23openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

Read the following statements about the vascular bundles:

(a) In roots, xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner along the different radii

(b) Conjoint closed vascular bundles do not possess cambium

(c) In open vascular bundles, cambium is present in between xylem and phloem

(d) The vascular bundles of the dicotyledonous stem possess endarch protoxylem

(e) In the monocotyledonous root, usually there are more than six xylem bundles present

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a), (c), (d) and (e) only
  2. B.(a), (b) and (d) only
  3. C.(b), (c), (d) and (e) only✓
  4. D.(a), (b), (c) and (d) only

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q24open

The 'girdling experiment' was performed by plant physiologists to identify the plant tissue through which:

  1. A.Osmosis is observed
  2. B.Water is transported
  3. C.Food is transported✓
  4. D.Both water and food are transported

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q25openPhotosynthesis in Higher Plants · Light reaction: photosystems, electron transport, photophosphorylation

Which one of the following is not true regarding the release of energy during ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis? It involves:

  1. A.Reduction of NADP to on the stroma side of the membrane
  2. B.Breakdown of the proton gradient
  3. C.Breakdown of the electron gradient✓
  4. D.Movement of protons across the membrane to the stroma

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q26openPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation · Mendel's laws and deviations

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants and proposed the Laws of Inheritance.

Statement II: The seven characters examined by Mendel in his experiments on pea plants were seed shape and colour, flower colour, pod shape and colour, flower position and stem height.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct✓
  3. C.Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  4. D.Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q27open

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Manganese(i) Activates the enzyme catalase
(b) Magnesium(ii) Required for pollen germination
(c) Boron(iii) Activates enzymes of respiration
(d) Iron(iv) Functions in splitting of water during photosynthesis

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
  2. B.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
  3. C.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)✓
  4. D.(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q28openCell Cycle and Cell Division · Meiosis and its significance

The appearance of recombination nodules on homologous chromosomes during meiosis characterises:

  1. A.Terminalisation
  2. B.Synaptonemal complex
  3. C.Bivalent
  4. D.Sites at which crossing over occurs✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q29open

Which of the following is not observed during the apoplastic pathway?

  1. A.Apoplast is continuous and does not provide any barrier to water movement
  2. B.Movement of water occurs through intercellular spaces and walls of the cells
  3. C.The movement does not involve crossing of the cell membrane
  4. D.The movement is aided by cytoplasmic streaming✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q30openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Transcription, genetic code, translation

The process of translation of mRNA to proteins begins as soon as:

  1. A.The tRNA is activated and the larger subunit of the ribosome encounters mRNA
  2. B.The small subunit of the ribosome encounters mRNA✓
  3. C.The larger subunit of the ribosome encounters mRNA
  4. D.Both the subunits join together to bind with mRNA

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q31open

Which one of the following produces nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Alnus?

  1. A.Beijerinckia
  2. B.Rhizobium
  3. C.Frankia✓
  4. D.Rhodospirillum

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q32openPlant Growth and Development · Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA

The gaseous plant growth regulator is used in plants to:

  1. A.Kill dicotyledonous weeds in the fields
  2. B.Speed up the malting process
  3. C.Promote root growth and root hair formation to increase the absorption surface✓
  4. D.Help overcome apical dominance

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q33openPlant Kingdom · Algae

The hydrocolloid carrageen is obtained from:

  1. A.Phaeophyceae only
  2. B.Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae
  3. C.Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae
  4. D.Rhodophyceae only✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q34openBiomolecules · Carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and proteins

The exoskeleton of arthropods is composed of:

  1. A.Glucosamine
  2. B.Cutin
  3. C.Cellulose
  4. D.Chitin✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q35openMorphology of Flowering Plants · Fruit and seed; families

Which one of the following plants shows vexillary aestivation and diadelphous stamens?

  1. A.Solanum nigrum
  2. B.Colchicum autumnale
  3. C.Pisum sativum✓
  4. D.Allium cepa

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q36open

The entire fleet of buses in Delhi was converted to CNG from diesel. In reference to this, which one of the following statements is false?

  1. A.It cannot be adulterated like diesel
  2. B.CNG burns more efficiently than diesel
  3. C.The same diesel engine is used in CNG buses, making the cost of conversion low✓
  4. D.It is cheaper than diesel

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q37openPhotosynthesis in Higher Plants · Calvin cycle, C4 pathway, photorespiration

What is the role of the large bundle sheath cells found around the vascular bundles in plants?

  1. A.To protect the vascular tissue from high light intensity
  2. B.To provide the site for the photorespiratory pathway
  3. C.To increase the number of chloroplasts for the operation of the Calvin cycle✓
  4. D.To enable the plant to tolerate high temperature

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q38openBiomolecules · Carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and proteins

Read the following statements on lipids and find out the correct set of statements:

(a) Lecithin found in the plasma membrane is a glycolipid

(b) Saturated fatty acids possess one or more C=C bonds

(c) Gingelly oil has a lower melting point, hence remains as oil in winter

(d) Lipids are generally insoluble in water but soluble in some organic solvents

(e) When a fatty acid is esterified with glycerol, monoglycerides are formed

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a), (b) and (d) only
  2. B.(a), (b) and (c) only
  3. C.(a), (d) and (e) only
  4. D.(c), (d) and (e) only✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q39openCell: The Unit of Life · Mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Metacentric chromosome(i) Centromere situated close to the end, forming one extremely short and one very long arm
(b) Acrocentric chromosome(ii) Centromere at the terminal end
(c) Submetacentric chromosome(iii) Centromere in the middle, forming two equal arms
(d) Telocentric chromosome(iv) Centromere slightly away from the middle, forming one shorter and one longer arm

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
  2. B.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)✓
  3. C.(a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
  4. D.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q40openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Gene regulation: lac operon; Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting

If a geneticist uses the blind approach for sequencing the whole genome of an organism, followed by assignment of function to different segments, the methodology adopted by him is called:

  1. A.Bioinformatics
  2. B.Sequence annotation✓
  3. C.Gene mapping
  4. D.Expressed sequence tags

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q41openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Tools of recombinant DNA technology

In the following palindromic base sequences of DNA, which one can be cut easily by a particular restriction enzyme?

  1. A.5′-GTATTC-3′ / 3′-CATAAG-5′
  2. B.5′-GATACT-3′ / 3′-CTATGA-5′
  3. C.5′-GAATTC-3′ / 3′-CTTAAG-5′✓
  4. D.5′-CTCAGT-3′ / 3′-GAGTCA-5′

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q42openOrganisms and Populations · Population attributes, growth models and interactions

While explaining interspecific interactions of populations, a (+) sign is assigned for beneficial interaction, a (–) sign for detrimental interaction and (0) for neutral interaction. Which of the following interactions can be assigned (+) for one species and (–) for the other species involved in the interaction?

  1. A.Competition
  2. B.Predation✓
  3. C.Amensalism
  4. D.Commensalism

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q43openEcosystem · Nutrient cycling

Which one of the following will accelerate the phosphorus cycle?

  1. A.Rainfall and storms
  2. B.Burning of fossil fuels
  3. C.Volcanic activity
  4. D.Weathering of rocks✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q44openPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation · Sex determination, mutation, genetic disorders

Which of the following occurs due to the presence of an autosome-linked dominant trait?

  1. A.Thalassemia
  2. B.Sickle cell anaemia
  3. C.Myotonic dystrophy✓
  4. D.Haemophilia

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q45openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

The anatomy of springwood shows some peculiar features. Identify the correct set of statements about springwood:

(a) It is also called earlywood

(b) In the spring season the cambium produces xylem elements with narrow vessels

(c) It is lighter in colour

(d) The springwood along with autumnwood shows alternate concentric rings forming annual rings

(e) It has lower density

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(c), (d) and (e) only
  2. B.(a), (b), (d) and (e) only
  3. C.(a), (c), (d) and (e) only✓
  4. D.(a), (b) and (d) only

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q46openPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation · Chromosomal theory and linkage

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Mendel's law of independent assortment does not hold good for genes that are located closely on the same chromosome.

Reason (R): Closely located genes assort independently.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(A) is not correct but (R) is correct
  2. B.Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
  3. C.Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
  4. D.(A) is correct but (R) is not correct✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q47openBiotechnology and its Applications · Applications in agriculture: Bt crops, RNAi

Transposons can be used during which one of the following?

  1. A.Gene sequencing
  2. B.Polymerase chain reaction
  3. C.Gene silencing✓
  4. D.Autoradiography

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q48openPlant Kingdom · Gymnosperms and angiosperms; alternation of generations

Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits.

List-IList-II
(a) Spirogyra(i) Dominant diploid sporophyte vascular plant, with highly reduced male or female gametophyte
(b) Fern(ii) Dominant haploid free-living gametophyte
(c) Funaria(iii) Dominant diploid sporophyte alternating with reduced gametophyte called prothallus
(d) Cycas(iv) Dominant haploid leafy gametophyte alternating with partially dependent multicellular sporophyte

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
  2. B.(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
  3. C.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)✓
  4. D.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q49open

Addition of more solutes to a given solution will:

  1. A.Not affect the water potential at all
  2. B.Raise its water potential
  3. C.Lower its water potential✓
  4. D.Make its water potential zero

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q50openMorphology of Flowering Plants · Fruit and seed; families

Which part of the fruit, labelled in the given figure, makes it a false fruit?

Question 150 as printed in the NEET 2022 booklet

  1. A.D → Seed
  2. B.A → Mesocarp
  3. C.B → Endocarp
  4. D.C → Thalamus✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.