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NEET 2021 — Botany

All 50 Botany questions we hold from this paper, of the 200 on the site for this sitting — every option and the answer key. 4 marks each, −1 for a wrong answer.

Botany

45 questions, one correct option each. +4 for a correct answer, −1 for a wrong one, nothing for a blank.

Q1openPlant Kingdom · Algae

Which of the following plants is monoecious?

  1. A.Carica papaya
  2. B.Chara✓
  3. C.Marchantia polymorpha
  4. D.Cycas circinalis

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q2openSexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Flower structure, microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis

A typical angiosperm embryo sac at maturity is:

  1. A.8-nucleate and 7-celled✓
  2. B.7-nucleate and 8-celled
  3. C.7-nucleate and 7-celled
  4. D.8-nucleate and 8-celled

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q3openPlant Kingdom · Bryophytes and pteridophytes

Gemmae are present in:

  1. A.Mosses
  2. B.Pteridophytes
  3. C.Some gymnosperms
  4. D.Some liverworts✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q4openCell: The Unit of Life · Mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus

When the centromere is situated in the middle of two equal arms of a chromosome, the chromosome is referred to as:

  1. A.Metacentric✓
  2. B.Telocentric
  3. C.Sub-metacentric
  4. D.Acrocentric

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q5openCell Cycle and Cell Division · Meiosis and its significance

Which of the following stages of meiosis involves division of the centromere?

  1. A.Metaphase I
  2. B.Metaphase II
  3. C.Anaphase II✓
  4. D.Telophase II

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q6openPhotosynthesis in Higher Plants · Calvin cycle, C4 pathway, photorespiration

The first stable product of fixation in Sorghum is:

  1. A.Pyruvic acid
  2. B.Oxaloacetic acid✓
  3. C.Succinic acid
  4. D.Phosphoglyceric acid

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q7openEvolution · Natural selection, Hardy–Weinberg, adaptive radiation

The factor that leads to the founder effect in a population is:

  1. A.Natural selection
  2. B.Genetic recombination
  3. C.Mutation
  4. D.Genetic drift✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q8openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Tissues and tissue systems

Which of the following is an incorrect statement?

  1. A.Mature sieve tube elements possess a conspicuous nucleus and usual cytoplasmic organelles✓
  2. B.Microbodies are present in both plant and animal cells
  3. C.The perinuclear space forms a barrier between the materials present inside the nucleus and those of the cytoplasm
  4. D.Nuclear pores act as passages for proteins and RNA molecules in both directions between nucleus and cytoplasm

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q9openOrganisms and Populations · Population attributes, growth models and interactions

Amensalism can be represented as:

  1. A.Species A (–); Species B (0)✓
  2. B.Species A (+); Species B (+)
  3. C.Species A (–); Species B (–)
  4. D.Species A (+); Species B (0)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q10openEcosystem · Nutrient cycling

The amount of nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium present in the soil at any given time is referred to as:

  1. A.Climax
  2. B.Climax community
  3. C.Standing state✓
  4. D.Standing crop

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q11openPlant Kingdom · Algae

Which of the following algae contains mannitol as reserve food material?

  1. A.Ectocarpus✓
  2. B.Gracilaria
  3. C.Volvox
  4. D.Ulothrix

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q12openOrganisms and Populations · Population attributes, growth models and interactions

In spite of interspecific competition in nature, which mechanism might the competing species have evolved for their survival?

  1. A.Resource partitioning✓
  2. B.Competitive release
  3. C.Mutualism
  4. D.Predation

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q13openPlant Kingdom · Bryophytes and pteridophytes

Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia produce two kinds of spores. Such plants are known as:

  1. A.Homosorus
  2. B.Heterosorus
  3. C.Homosporous
  4. D.Heterosporous✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q14openPlant Growth and Development · Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA

The site of perception of light in plants during photoperiodism is the:

  1. A.Shoot apex
  2. B.Stem
  3. C.Axillary bud
  4. D.Leaf✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q15openPlant Growth and Development · Phases of growth and differentiation

Plants follow different pathways in response to the environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures. This ability is called:

  1. A.Elasticity
  2. B.Flexibility
  3. C.Plasticity✓
  4. D.Maturity

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q16openCell: The Unit of Life · Mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, nucleus

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Cristae(i) Primary constriction in chromosome
(b) Thylakoids(ii) Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus
(c) Centromere(iii) Infoldings in mitochondria
(d) Cisternae(iv) Flattened membranous sacs in stroma of plastids

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
  2. B.(a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
  3. C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)✓
  4. D.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q17open

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Cohesion(i) More attraction in liquid phase
(b) Adhesion(ii) Mutual attraction among water molecules
(c) Surface tension(iii) Water loss in liquid phase
(d) Guttation(iv) Attraction towards polar surfaces

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)✓
  2. B.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
  3. C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
  4. D.(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q18openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Processes: cloning, PCR, bioreactors

DNA strands on a gel stained with ethidium bromide, when viewed under UV radiation, appear as:

  1. A.Yellow bands
  2. B.Bright orange bands✓
  3. C.Dark red bands
  4. D.Bright blue bands

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q19openSexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Pollination and double fertilisation

The term used for the transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to the stigma of a different plant which, during pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to the stigma, is:

  1. A.Xenogamy✓
  2. B.Geitonogamy
  3. C.Chasmogamy
  4. D.Cleistogamy

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q20openPlant Kingdom · Algae

Which of the following algae produce carrageen?

  1. A.Green algae
  2. B.Brown algae
  3. C.Red algae✓
  4. D.Blue-green algae

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q21openEcosystem · Energy flow, ecological pyramids

Which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. A.Pyramid of biomass in the sea is generally inverted
  2. B.Pyramid of biomass in the sea is generally upright✓
  3. C.Pyramid of energy is always upright
  4. D.Pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem is upright

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q22openEcosystem · Structure, productivity and decomposition

In the equation , represents:

  1. A.Radiant energy
  2. B.Retardation factor
  3. C.Environmental factor
  4. D.Respiration losses✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q23openMorphology of Flowering Plants · Fruit and seed; families

Diadelphous stamens are found in:

  1. A.China rose
  2. B.Citrus
  3. C.Pea✓
  4. D.China rose and Citrus

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q24openBiotechnology and its Applications · Applications in medicine: insulin, gene therapy, molecular diagnosis

When gene targeting involving gene amplification is attempted in an individual's tissue to treat disease, it is known as:

  1. A.Biopiracy
  2. B.Gene therapy✓
  3. C.Molecular diagnosis
  4. D.Safety testing

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q25openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Lenticels(i) Phellogen
(b) Cork cambium(ii) Suberin deposition
(c) Secondary cortex(iii) Exchange of gases
(d) Cork(iv) Phelloderm

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
  2. B.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)✓
  3. C.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
  4. D.(a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q26openPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation · Mendel's laws and deviations

The production of gametes by the parents, formation of zygotes, the and plants, can be understood from a diagram called:

  1. A.Bullet square
  2. B.Punch square
  3. C.Punnett square✓
  4. D.Net square

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q27openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Processes: cloning, PCR, bioreactors

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in a PCR (polymerase chain reaction)?

  1. A.Denaturation, Annealing, Extension✓
  2. B.Denaturation, Extension, Annealing
  3. C.Extension, Denaturation, Annealing
  4. D.Annealing, Denaturation, Extension

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q28openPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation · Sex determination, mutation, genetic disorders

Mutations in plant cells can be induced by:

  1. A.Kinetin
  2. B.Infrared rays
  3. C.Gamma rays✓
  4. D.Zeatin

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q29open

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Protoplast fusion(i) Totipotency
(b) Plant tissue culture(ii) Pomato
(c) Meristem culture(iii) Somaclones
(d) Micropropagation(iv) Virus-free plants

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
  2. B.(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)✓
  3. C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
  4. D.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q30openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Processes: cloning, PCR, bioreactors

During the purification process in recombinant DNA technology, the addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out:

  1. A.RNA
  2. B.DNA✓
  3. C.Histones
  4. D.Polysaccharides

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q31openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Transcription, genetic code, translation

Complete the flow chart on the central dogma.

Question 131 as printed in the NEET 2021 booklet

  1. A.(a)-Replication; (b)-Transcription; (c)-Transduction; (d)-Protein
  2. B.(a)-Translation; (b)-Replication; (c)-Transcription; (d)-Transduction
  3. C.(a)-Replication; (b)-Transcription; (c)-Translation; (d)-Protein✓
  4. D.(a)-Transduction; (b)-Translation; (c)-Replication; (d)-Protein

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q32openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Processes: cloning, PCR, bioreactors

Which of the following is not an application of PCR (polymerase chain reaction)?

  1. A.Molecular diagnosis
  2. B.Gene amplification
  3. C.Purification of isolated protein✓
  4. D.Detection of gene mutation

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q33openPlant Growth and Development · Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA

The plant hormone used to destroy weeds in a field is:

  1. A.IAA
  2. B.NAA
  3. C.2,4-D✓
  4. D.IBA

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q34openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Tissues and tissue systems

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Cells with active cell division capacity(i) Vascular tissues
(b) Tissue having all cells similar in structure and function(ii) Meristematic tissue
(c) Tissue having different types of cells(iii) Sclereids
(d) Dead cells with highly thickened walls and narrow lumen(iv) Simple tissue

Select the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)✓
  2. B.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
  3. C.(a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
  4. D.(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q35openBiomolecules · Carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and proteins

Which of the following are not secondary metabolites in plants?

  1. A.Morphine, codeine
  2. B.Amino acids, glucose✓
  3. C.Vinblastin, curcumin
  4. D.Rubber, gums

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q36openRespiration in Plants · Krebs cycle and electron transport chain

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. A.During aerobic respiration, the role of oxygen is limited to the terminal stage
  2. B.In the ETC (electron transport chain), one molecule of gives rise to 2 ATP molecules, and one gives rise to 3 ATP molecules✓
  3. C.ATP is synthesised through complex V
  4. D.Oxidation–reduction reactions produce a proton gradient in respiration

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q37open

Match Column-I with Column-II.

Column-IColumn-II
(a) Nitrococcus(i) Denitrification
(b) Rhizobium(ii) Conversion of ammonia to nitrite
(c) Thiobacillus(iii) Conversion of nitrite to nitrate
(d) Nitrobacter(iv) Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)✓
  2. B.(a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
  3. C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
  4. D.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q38openMorphology of Flowering Plants · Fruit and seed; families

Match Column-I (floral formula) with Column-II (family).

Question 138 as printed in the NEET 2021 booklet

Column-II
(i) Brassicaceae
(ii) Liliaceae
(iii) Fabaceae
(iv) Solanaceae
  1. A.(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)✓
  2. B.(a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
  3. C.(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
  4. D.(a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q39openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Transcription, genetic code, translation

Identify the correct statement.

  1. A.In capping, methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 3′ end of hnRNA
  2. B.RNA polymerase binds with rho factor to terminate the process of transcription in bacteria✓
  3. C.The coding strand in a transcription unit is copied to an mRNA
  4. D.Split gene arrangement is characteristic of prokaryotes

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q40openBiological Classification · Monera, Protista and Fungi

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. A.Fusion of two cells is called karyogamy
  2. B.Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes is called plasmogamy✓
  3. C.Organisms that depend on living plants are called saprophytes
  4. D.Some of the organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called sheath cells

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q41openAnatomy of Flowering Plants · Anatomy of dicot and monocot root, stem, leaf

Select the correct pair.

  1. A.Large colourless empty cells in the epidermis of grass leaves – Subsidiary cells
  2. B.In dicot leaves, vascular bundles are surrounded by large thick-walled cells – Conjunctive tissue
  3. C.Cells of medullary rays that form part of the cambial ring – Interfascicular cambium✓
  4. D.Loose parenchyma cells rupturing the epidermis and forming a lens-shaped opening in bark – Spongy parenchyma

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q42openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Gene regulation: lac operon; Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting

DNA fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specific regions in the DNA sequence, called:

  1. A.Satellite DNA
  2. B.Repetitive DNA✓
  3. C.Single nucleotides
  4. D.Polymorphic DNA

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q43openSexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants · Flower structure, microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis

In some members of which of the following pairs of families do pollen grains retain their viability for months after release?

  1. A.Poaceae; Rosaceae
  2. B.Poaceae; Leguminosae
  3. C.Poaceae; Solanaceae
  4. D.Rosaceae; Leguminosae✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q44openPhotosynthesis in Higher Plants · Light reaction: photosystems, electron transport, photophosphorylation

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. A.Both ATP and are synthesised during non-cyclic photophosphorylation
  2. B.Stroma lamellae have PS I only and lack NADP reductase
  3. C.Grana lamellae have both PS I and PS II
  4. D.Cyclic photophosphorylation involves both PS I and PS II✓

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q45openMolecular Basis of Inheritance · Transcription, genetic code, translation

What is the role of RNA polymerase III in the process of transcription in eukaryotes?

  1. A.Transcribes rRNAs (28S, 18S and 5.8S)
  2. B.Transcribes tRNA, 5S rRNA and snRNA✓
  3. C.Transcribes the precursor of mRNA
  4. D.Transcribes only snRNAs

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q46openOrganisms and Populations · Population attributes, growth models and interactions

In the exponential growth equation , represents:

  1. A.The base of number logarithms
  2. B.The base of exponential logarithms
  3. C.The base of natural logarithms✓
  4. D.The base of geometric logarithms

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q47openBiotechnology and its Applications · Applications in medicine: insulin, gene therapy, molecular diagnosis

Nowadays it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing a radioactive probe to hybridise with its complementary DNA in a clone of cells, followed by its detection using autoradiography, because:

  1. A.The mutated gene partially appears on a photographic film
  2. B.The mutated gene completely and clearly appears on a photographic film
  3. C.The mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complementarity with it✓
  4. D.The mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has complementarity with it

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q48openBiomolecules · Carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and proteins

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) Protein(i) C=C double bonds
(b) Unsaturated fatty acid(ii) Phosphodiester bonds
(c) Nucleic acid(iii) Glycosidic bonds
(d) Polysaccharide(iv) Peptide bonds

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)✓
  2. B.(a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
  3. C.(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)
  4. D.(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q49openCell Cycle and Cell Division · Phases of the cell cycle

Match List-I with List-II.

List-IList-II
(a) S phase(i) Proteins are synthesised
(b) phase(ii) Inactive phase
(c) Quiescent stage(iii) Interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication
(d) phase(iv) DNA replication

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.(a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
  2. B.(a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)
  3. C.(a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)✓
  4. D.(a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.

Q50openBiotechnology: Principles and Processes · Tools of recombinant DNA technology

Plasmid pBR322 has a PstI restriction enzyme site within the gene amp^R that confers ampicillin resistance. If this enzyme is used for inserting a gene for galactoside production and the recombinant plasmid is inserted in an E. coli strain:

  1. A.It will not be able to confer ampicillin resistance to the host cell✓
  2. B.The transformed cells will have the ability to resist ampicillin as well as produce galactoside
  3. C.It will lead to lysis of the host cell
  4. D.It will be able to produce a novel protein with dual ability

The worked solution is part of a paid pack.